When is the best time to go to Switzerland?

Spend any length of time in Switzerland, and you’ll come to realize just how distinct the seasons are here and how well the country wears them.

Winter, with its snow-laden peaks, groomed pistes and bluebird days, is peak time for skiers and winter walkers, while summer draws visitors for its pleasantly warm temperatures, high alpine hiking trails and lake life.

Spring and autumn are also appealing: cheaper flights, milder temperatures, quirky festivals and the chance to catch the countryside in flux, from the new bloom of alpine flowers in May and June to the fiery orange blaze of larch trees and vineyards in the fall. Plan your trip around your preferred activities and your budget, and you’ll find your own best time to experience this ever-changing country.

July to August is the time for hiking – or partying

Peak summer in Switzerland is tip-top, to borrow the Swiss German phrase. Barring the odd storm, it’s nearly always warm and sunny, though it can occasionally get very hot, meaning the best place to be is in the cooler air of the high mountains. Switzerland’s vast number of hiking trails, in the Alpes Vaudoises, the Bernese Oberland or Graubünden, offer cow-strewn meadows, vertiginous views and glimpses of ibex, marmots and eagles.

Book ahead for a dorm bed in a Swiss Alpine Club cabin – simple hostels strung across the Alps in glorious locations – or stay in one of the grandes dames of the Swiss mountains, such as the Rigi Kulm Hotel above Lake Lucerne or the Berghotel Schynige Platte overlooking Interlaken, two of the country’s longstanding mountain hotels.

Road cyclists are also spoiled for choice, with the gruelling switchbacks of mountain passes including the Furka, Gotthard and Grimsel presenting the biggest challenges, while mountain bikers hitch their wheels to a ski lift in Verbier to tackle its downhill trails.

Summer is also party time. Check out big names in music at the Montreux Jazz Festival, the Gurten Festival near the Swiss capital, Bern and the huge techno festival Street Parade in Zürich. And don’t miss Swiss National Day, August 1. Join in the celebrations by having brunch on a farm (booking ahead is essential), watching a city fireworks display or enjoying the wine, raclette and entertainment in any town or mountain village.

June to September is ideal for sampling lake life in Switzerland

Hanging out by a lake or river is another typically Swiss summer experience. Hardcore wild swimmers take to the lakes at any time of year, but you’ll find warmer water and more atmosphere in summer, when the lakeshores throng with people sunbathing and barbecuing.

Relax next to Lake Geneva as part of Vevey’s summer-long Dolce Riviera festival, swim around Bern in the fast-flowing River Aare, paddleboard on Lake Lucerne, dip in the River Rhine in Basel or hang out at a riverside badi (public swimming baths) in Zürich. If you’d rather be on the water than in it, summer is also peak season for the ferry companies, which offer trips on all the major lakes.

May and September offer Swiss charm – without the expense

Visiting Switzerland in shoulder season has its advantages. Not only is it less expensive with deals on flights and hotels, but the heat is less intense than in high summer. Each shoulder has a certain appeal. Come in May for blossoming trees, the start of the swimming season (many outdoor pools open in mid-May) and the very enjoyable caves ouvertes/cantine aperte (open cellars) weekends in the vineyards of Geneva, Vaud, Valais, Neuchâtel and Ticino.

With many of the mountain lifts still open and the weather remaining balmy well into the month, September is perfect for hiking or biking. Be sure to catch a désalpe/alpabzug, when the dairy cows, having spent their summers on the alpine pastures, parade down to the valley farms passing through villages en route – an excuse for the locals to eat Alpkäse (alpine cheese), drink wine and make merry. The best known is held in Charmey, near Gruyères.

Another September party is the grape harvest festival in Lutry, which celebrates the end of the wine-growing year in The Lavaux, the centuries-old vineyards between Lausanne and Montreux. The area also makes for pretty autumnal hiking, with wine-tasting spots en route.

October and November are rich with fall colors and food events

There’s a reason why this is the cheapest time to visit Switzerland. With the mountain lifts and many hotels closed, villages can be sleepy and the weather unpredictable. But if you get a sunny day and use the bus or train to reach the start of a hike, you’ll be rewarded with a blaze of color in the trees that most visitors never see. It’s also a great time to eat, with many restaurants serving game meats with traditional accompaniments (chestnuts, sprouts, red cabbage, berries and Spätzli – a sort of Swiss pasta). A number of food events are also worth exploring, including two in the Swiss Jura: the truffle market in Bonvillars, and the Feast of St Martin in Porrentruy, where you can fill your belly with as much pork as you can eat.

December to April is best for snow seekers and carnival-goers

Snowsports dominate winter. Skiers and snowboarders love the long groomed slopes and off-piste terrain of big-name resorts such as Zermatt, Verbier and Laax, but with a lift in almost every mountain village, Switzerland has something for all levels and budgets. Meanwhile, dedicated trails for winter walking, cross-country skiing and tobogganing mean winter isn’t just for powder hounds.

In February and March, carnival season brings traditional guggenmusik bands (brass bands playing oompah-style music) to many towns and cities. The best-known carnival is Basel’s three-day street party, Fasnacht. Darker traditions abound, too: visit the Lötschental for its parade of fearsome, mask-wearing Tschäggätta, and the Valais village of Evolène for a carnival dominated by fur-clad monsters and giant straw-people.